Essay on Fame in Djerassi’s Cantors Dilemma - 1070 Words

Dreams of Fame in Djerassi’s Cantors Dilemma Opportunistic scientists, the most hypocritical deviants of the modern age, revolve around the scientific method, or at least they used to. The scientific method once involved formulating a hypothesis from a problem posed, experimenting, and forming a conclusion that best explained the data collected. Yet today, those who are willing to critique the work of their peers are themselves performing the scientific method out of sequence. I propose that scientists, or the treasure hunters of that field, are no longer interested in permanent solutions, achieved through proper use of the scientific method, and rather are more interested in solutions that guarantee fame and fortune.†¦show more content†¦Krauss is nothing more than a black mailing criminal and, as a opportunistic scientist, is motivated by a lust for recognition. The theme of scientists in search of the pot of gold is mentioned by the characters of Cantors Dilemma. Cantor states, ...most scientists suffer from some sort of dissociative personality: on one side, the rigorous believer in the experimental method, with its set of rules and its ultimate objective of advancing knowledge; on the other, the fallible human being with all the accompanying foibles.1 Cantor continues to describe the issue of simultaneous discovery and then strikes right at the heart of the scientists who step beyond the bounds of the scientific method. He states, ...a scientists drive, his self-esteem, are really based on a very simple desire: recognition by ones peers.2 Recognition is what the Nobel is about, and if a fictional scientist has to ignore the methodology that governs science to get it, so be it. Yet, the Nobel Prize is real and so are the deviant scientists. In real life there are corrupt scientists who will do whatever it takes to receive popularity. Pharmaceuticals are an industry that is especially well acquainted with this area. Depakote is a little known, yet, versatile drug. Originally, Depakote was used as a seizure medication , but through sheer faith in an unproved theory was it tried in the treatment of

Community Health in the Event of a Sars Outbreak Essay

Community Health in the Event of a SARS Outbreak The SARS Outbreak of 2003 SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus, originally reported in Asia in February 2003 and spread to over two dozen countries before being contained (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2005). Once infected, individuals with SARS initially develop a high fever and other flu-like symptoms including headache, body aches and â€Å"overall feeling of discomfort† before, in most cases, progressing to pneumonia (CDC, 2005). The disease was first diagnosed in a middle-aged man who had flown from China to Hong Kong. A few days after the announcement of the disease, rumors and panic began to spread, causing†¦show more content†¦14). Routes of Transmission In the laboratory setting, the virus was found in respiratory droplets, feces, saliva, tears and urine (WHO/DCDSR, 2003). SARS is primarily spread through close, personal contact, such as kissing, hugging, eating or drinking, as well as being within 3 feet of a person who coughs or sneezes while infected and shedding the virus. These activities allow the respiratory droplets shed during these activities to come in contact with mucous membranes found in the eyes, nose and mouth (Kutsar, 2004). Other modes of transmission include aerosolizing procedures in hospital settings and contamination of surfaces in â€Å"healthcare facilities, households and other closed environments† (Kutsar, 2004, para. 12). There has been no confirmation of fecal-oral transmission or of transmission via water or food; however, over one-third of the earliest cases in China were among food handlers (Kutsar, 2004). Finally, there is a possibility of animal vector transmission, as discussed in regard s to the Hong Kong’s Amoy Gardens (WHO/DCDSR, 2003). Effect of Outbreak on Community The SARS outbreak caused major effects on the communities affected. Based on the 2003 outbreak, one can assume similar issues would develop should the disease recur. The biggest impact to communities affected would be the strain on the healthcare system. Since SARS is a largely respiratory disease, it can cause very serious problems in the patients infected, requiringShow MoreRelatedOutlasting the SARS Epidemic1145 Words   |  5 Pagesknown to man as SARS in short. Sharing with us the three-letter acronym (SAR) which was given to us by our leaders in China, this ordeal has left its mark on our city in more ways than one. It had caused a widespread wave of mysophobia and health consciousness among the Hong Kong people, which outlasted the SARS epidemic but is probably slowly waning. It has also raised the awareness of the government of the importance of the control of infectious diseases, both in the community and in the clinicalRead MoreIs Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ( Ehv )?1471 Wo rds   |  6 Pageswell as through human to human interaction. To be specific, contact with bodily fluids (such as blood, urine and feces) is required for transmission (World Health Organization (WHO) Media Centre, 2014). The average fatality rate of EHV through history has been roughly 50%, but it varies greatly from outbreak to outbreak. In this most recent outbreak, there have been 4033 deaths out of 4656 laboratory confirmed cases, for a fatality rate of 86.6%. 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Approaches and method in language teaching - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Approaches and method in language teaching. Answer: Language is the most important method of communication for the humans. It is an extremely important skill that allows one person to communicate with another person (Owens, 2016). Children start developing languages even before they learn how to speak. A baby cries when she is hungry. Delay in the language skills may lead to frustration and miscommunications as she will not be able to convey her message properly. It is necessary to develop the language skills of a child so that information can be easily exchanged in a proper manner (Menyuk, Liebergott Schultz, 2014). Language acquisition is known to form a crucial stage in the development of the children (Slobin, 2017). The theory that was used in the olden days was that the children learnt language by imitating other people. Currently, there are many theories of language development like the Behavioural Theory, Interactionist Theory, Nativist Theory, and the Learning Theory. The aim of this essay is to explain the language developme nt of children by drawing on these theories. From birth, all the babies are surrounded by people who play and talk to them. Communication is a very important part which helps in determining the method in which the baby will learn to speak in the native language. Many theorists argue that nature is responsible for the manner in which a baby starts acquiring the language skills, while other theorists believe that only nurturing a child in a proper manner will help it to develop the language skills. The Nativist Theory is based on a biological theory, which states that the humans have the ability to develop language. When a child is born, the ability to develop a language is already present within the child. Chomsky believed that babies already have rules about the language in their heads, which is referred to as Universal Grammar. This universal grammar is the base on which the human languages are built. The theorist who is primarily associated with the Nativist Theory is Noam Chomsky. Before Chomsky developed this theory, it was considered that the language development was considered to be a cultural phenomenon based on imitation. The theorist was of the belief that all human babies are born with a Language Acquisition Device or a LAD (Chomsky, 2014). This Language Acquisition Device contains a set of rules that are common for all the languages. It is considered to be a hypothetical area of the brain which is responsible for explaining as to how the children can learn and understand languages. This device is similar to theoretical ideas that state the various ways of understanding the syntax and the languages (Berwick Chomsky, 2015). The theory also believed that Language Acquisition Device helps the children to identify and understand the structure of the native language so that they can subconsciously mark the lexical items in accordance to the syntactic position and the word class (Chomsky, 2014). As the children already have the building blocks of their mind, they can easily pick up the language. The Learning Theory includes the different kinds of learning that include social, operant, and classical learning (MacWhinney, 2014). Language development is considered similar to other behaviours that are learnt by a child. Language development is the reinforcement that helps in shaping the babbling into proper speech. According to the Innatist Perspective, to learn pluralizing the words are results of the new generation which are based on the experience of the similar words. For example, a child who has learnt to say Daddy from Tatty will eventually learn daddies. Classical conditioning is learning to associate a noun with an object. For example, if a baby hears the word bottle whenever it is being fed, they will start associating the object with the noun. The term bottle will start evoking a similar response along with the cognitive representation of the object. According to the operant conditioning, parents tend to reward their babies when they make babbling sounds and appreciate them. When the baby starts growing old, parents become more rewarding when they pronounce a word. Finally, they start shaping the speech of their children by encouraging them and correcting their words. For example, a child may pronounce Pas-Getty instead of Spaghetti. The parents start correcting them until they can speak the correct word. Various arguments have been stated against the Learning Theory. These arguments are that it is not capable of explaining the things that children say which they have not heard before. The theory also fails to explain the things that children do not say despite hearing them. The children do not start uttering articles like a, an, and the, though these words are most commonly spoken in English. It is believed that the kids learn languages from either nature or as a result of proper nurturing. The social Interactionist theorists believe that babies learn languages from both social and biological instances (Richards Rodgers, 2014) . Every person likes to talk with the babies, and this is what is exposing them to language. The Interactionists have the view that babies are generally born with the brains that provide them with the capability of picking up a language along with a strong desire of communicating. Few Interactionists also believe that the babies signal adults for giving them the exposure that is required to pick up a language. The theory proposes that the children can pick up languages easily from the people who are interested in communicating with them. The two big names in this theory are that of Jerome Bruner and Lev Vygotsky. Lev Vygotsky believed that the cultural development in every child can be seen in two different stages. Firstly, the child starts observing the interaction that goes on between the other people and then this behaviour starts developing in the child. This proves that the child tries to learn first and then the ability to communicate starts developing within him. The child slowly starts moving from the baby talk to learning complete sentences. Jerome Bruner is best known for the discovery of the learning theory and he believes that the learners, children or adults, generally learn the best when they start discovering knowledge for themselves (Nelson, 2015). Bruner also argues that an infant and an adult can communicate though the infant has not learnt to speak yet. The non-verbal communication between the infant and the adult helps in building the structure of the language before the child starts communicating verbally. The Interactionists focus on the model of collaborative learning. Collaborative learning refers to the idea that helps in the linguistic and cognitive development of children when conversing with the old people (Li et al., 2016). Language and speech are the tools that are used by humans for communicating sharing thoughts, emotions and ideas. The speech involves talking, which is an important way in which a person can express language. The period that is most intensive for the development of the language is during the first few years of childhood. During the first five years, the brain of a child develops and matures. The skills of learning a language will develop the best when there are the perfect sounds, exposures, and sights along with the different kinds of languages. The ability to learn a language can become difficult if the kids are not exposed to any particular language. The signs of communicating with the parents start when the infants realize that they will get food, companionship and comfort if they cry. Once the kids start growing, they start sorting the phonemes which will help in composing the language. The Nativist Theory, the Learning Theory and the Interactionist Theory suggest various explan ations and manners in which a child acquires and develops the language skills. Reference Berwick, R. C., Chomsky, N. (2015).Why only us: Language and evolution. MIT press. Chomsky, N. (2014).Aspects of the Theory of Syntax(Vol. 11). MIT press. Chomsky, N. (2014).The minimalist program. MIT press. Li, L., Tang, Z., Wang, D., Feng, Y., Zhang, S. (2016). Collaborative Learning for Language and Speaker Recognition.arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.08442. MacWhinney, B. (2014).Mechanisms of Language Acquisition: The 20th Annual Carnegie Mellon Symposium on Cognition. Psychology Press. Menyuk, P., Liebergott, J. W., Schultz, M. C. (2014).Early language development in full-term and premature infants. Psychology Press. Nelson, P. K. (2015). Piano Curriculum: What Order Do Teachers Introduce Concepts, What Method Books Teachers Are Using And How Do The Method Books Align With Jerome Bruner's Enactive, Iconic And Symbolic Learning Theory.MTNA e-Journal,6(4), 13-1. Owens Jr, R. E. (2016). Language Development: An Introduction| Edition: 9.Instructor. Richards, J. C., Rodgers, T. S. (2014).Approaches and methods in language teaching. Cambridge university press. Slobin, D. I. (Ed.). (2017).The Crosslinguistic Study of Language Acquisition: Volume 1: the Data. Psychology Press.

Social Justice Essay Example For Students

Social Justice Essay Question1. A brief description of the main characters in the film. Henri Young Henri was transferred to Alcatraz to fill the prison. Henri was as normal as any of the other inmates in Alcatraz, but after being put in solitary confinement for three years after trying to escape Henry was changed. Henry was a product of his environment during his time spent in the hole Henri lost trust in other humans and sense of time proven when he couldnt even remember how old he was. By the time Henri was released from the dungeons hed been sent insane. Henri then killed another inmate in the dinning hall with a spoon. Henri didnt know what he was doing and was mentally unstable after his treatment in the hole. Henri opened himself up to one person who was his lawyer James Stamphill. Henry never saw James as his lawyer but as the friend he wanted and needed. Henri evolved from a savage wild man who would kill somebody to a more civilised person with his interaction with James. In the end Henris character found harmony within himself after winning the court case who he placed with himself versus Milton Glenn the Associate Warden of Alcatraz. When he won it was his Victory. James Stamphill James character is constant that of a Lawyer fresh out of Law school. Jamess character also narrates the movie, where he says that he is only joining law school when Henry Young was put in Solitary. When Henry is released from solitary James had finished his Bar exam, James first case would be Henrys. James develops a better understanding of the importance of a relationship with a client to defend them. When James first met Henry all Henry wanted to know about was baseball, so James learnt about baseball and would tell Henri the scores of games where this interaction would get Henri talking to James where James could ask questions during conversations to get the information he needed for the trial. Milton Glenn Milton Glenns character is that of Associate Warden of Alcatraz. Milton Glenn uses Henri Young as an example to the prisoners of Alcatraz after Henri tried to escape. It shows Glenn as psychotic, sadistic and feared by the prisoners. Glenn is quite manipulative this is shown with one of Miltons talks with John Humson the Warden of Alcatraz where he told John that Henry needed severe punishment leading the Warden on to believe that Henry was one who had masterminded an escape attempt and needed to be kept in solitary for an extended period. John Humson Humson is the Warden of Alcatraz. Humson is never at Alcatraz and has been left in the dark about Henry Youngs treatment, all he knows is what Milton Glenn wants him to know Glenn portrayed Henry as a special case and that he needed to be kept in solitary so Humson kept him in solitary. Humsons character is in touch with the media and is well respected. John is made to look like a fool when James puts him on the stand revealing that Humson knew nothing of what happens in Alcatraz. Question 2 Relationships between: Henri and James Henri and James lives where quite parallel in their early years as teenagers they both stole similar amounts of money only that James received a warning for his crime where Henri was sent to jail. When Henri and James first met James was looking at how he could prove Henry innocent, while Henri was looking for something to do before he died. Henry decided he wanted a friend instead of a lawyer and insisted on not talking about the trial. Henry enjoyed baseball where James did not have a clue James learnt the rules and players so he could get Henry talking where then James would tactfully ask questions about the trial to get his information, until Henry felt comfortable talking with James that he would talk about anything. .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .postImageUrl , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:hover , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:visited , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:active { border:0!important; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:active , .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104 .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3443040e9d124000e6b69d938cc86104:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Trolley Problem Sample EssayJames and Byron James and Byron are brothers and are not getting along well. During a conversation between the two Byron is trying get James to stop defending Henry and have Henry found guilty. James gets a clue to put Humson .